Annotated Bibliography Dark Figure Of Crime Essay

Assessment 1 Annotated Bibliography - The ‘Dark Figure’ of Crime. [1] de Castelbajac, M. (2014) ‘Brooding over the dark figure of crime’, British Journal of Criminology, 54(5), pp. 928–945. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azu047. [2] Fohring, S. (2014) ‘Putting a face on the dark figure: Describing victims who don’t report crime’, Temida, 17(4), pp. 3–18. doi: 10.2298/tem1404003f. (Journal) This journal article identifies issues in regards to victims of crime and non-reporting. Through reading this article, it is apparent that there are many disparities in official crime statistics, between crime in deprived communities compared to wealthier areas. Research from this article indicates that those who do not report, often come from areas of high deprivation. Many victim support groups rely on the police to refer their service users. However, if the police are not involved with a victim they may find themselves being unable to access support services. The article argues that these victims will be at greater risk of re-victimisation. This journal article is reliable because it comes from a university researcher, this suggests that the information is credible. This is argued as the individual will have knowledge of research processes. The information is of worth as it is recent. [3] HMIC. (2014) Everyone’s business: Improving the police response to domestic abuse. Available at:Show MoreRelatedEdgar Allan Poe and Gothic Imagery in The Cask of Amontillado2286 Words   |  10 Pagesfive senses: taste, touch, smell, sight and sound. Edgar Allan Poe is notorious for his use of dramatic imagery in the gothic genre. â€Å"Gothic literature has a number of conventions, including evocations of horror, suggestions of the supernatural, and dark, exotic locales such as castles and crumbling mansions† (Canada, 1997). 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The Cold War During World War II - 930 Words

The Cold War was political hostility between the United States of America and the Soviet Union through threats, propaganda and series of warfare incidents that made these superpowers of the time suspicious of one another. With the sources of the reader I will explain who’s to be at fault for the Cold war, the United States or the Soviet Union. The term â€Å"Cold War† according to Heonik Kwon in his document origins of the Cold War â€Å"†¦ refers to the prevailing condition of the world in the second half of the twentieth century, divide into two separate paths of political modernity and economic development.†(Kwon 1002) The Cold War happened after World War II primarily between the USA and Soviet Union. The main reason that the Cold War occurred was the different beliefs and ideologies that both countries upheld. The US had capitalistic views compared to the Soviet Union, which had a communistic output. Religion could also be seen as a reason that fueled t he Cold War because at the time the superpowers looked for opportunities to expand anywhere in the world, especially the United States of America. During World War II the US and the Soviet Union were allies only because they had a mutual enemy-the Nazis. The Soviet Union and America never fought each other directly; they used client states, like Vietnam to spread their beliefs of communism or capitalism. In my opinion, the US and the Allies were more to blame for the start of the Cold War than the Soviets. After the First World WarShow MoreRelatedThe Cold War During World War II Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cold War was not a military conflict, but was an ongoing political conflict involving both military and economic competition between two superpowers advancing rapidly wanting to be number one. 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Case Study in Marketing Management for IPhone -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCase Study in Marketing Management for IPhone. Answer: IPhone is considered to be the most significant products of Apple. However, in the domain of smart phones Samsung is regarded as its toughest competitor. Several Smartphone products specifically the Samsung Galaxy S series released in the year 2010 is held accountable for the considerable reduction in the sale of iPhone 4 during that year (Kohl, 2013). In recent years, Samsung has successfully emerged as one of the largest and immensely commercial and profitable tech organizations catering both Asia and other nations across the world. Drawing similarities with the range of smart phones, Apples iPad is considered to be the leading tablet dominating the US region, but there arises a tough competition than ever. Samsung tablet 7, comprising glossy glass back, quad speakers and S pen, was considered as a handy tablet for the tech savvies(Arthur, 2014). The global mobile application market reports that in spite of iTunes immense popularity in the personal individual libraries, Spotify launched in 2008 conquered a major section of Apple market. Spotify, offered users a complete control over their genre of music with a tie up with popular social network domain that is Facebook (Porter Heppelmann, 2014). Unlike Apple, through Spotify, users were able to access over 8 million tracks online without any charges. The past few decades have witnessed a massive competition between two major operating systems in the technology domain namely apple and android. Android, originating from Google in 2005 that is a Linux based operating system is referred relatively as an open source. It must be noted that, the Android OS has been dominating the market with a range of 87% whereas; the iOS system has been positioned at a distant subsequent to Android at over 10% in 2008 (Wang Shin, 2015). However, recently it has been witnessed that Android has noticeably conquered a major section of the tech market. However, Apple earphones were considered to have an exceptional sound clarity and quality, but the past few decades have been noticing other brands focusing on occupying its leading position. Among few brands, one of the popular brands to have managed to take the position is Sennheiser(Cecere, Corrocher Battaglia, 2015). Sennheiser is referred as the leading headphone brand that is accountable for over 60% of the prominent product sales (Gerpott, Thomas Weichert, 2013). This increasing and demanding purchase is largely because of its high quality HD Pro over ear product that is considered the most purchased headphones on online shopping sites. Samsung being Apples biggest competitor has been launching several retail stores known as Samsung Experience Store across the world. Starting from the thrill and excitement of the Virtual realism with Samsung Galaxy series, the tech savvy consumers can experience everything under one single roof (Kohl, 2013). The effective team performance of Samsung Empowered partners also known as STEP was purposefully designed to motivate the mutual success that had been enhancing in the tech market during that period (Porter Heppelmann, 2014). Samsung experts are believed to motivate and offer productive thoughts, views, and technical expertise along with persuasive marketing strategies through detailed and effective training programmes. Apples biggest and vital competitor, Microsoft is regarded as a significant contributor to the IT domain. The organization is responsible in developing as well as manufacturing computer hardware and software products. In recent times, over 90% of computers both desktops and laptops are incorporated with Microsoft software (Wang Shin, 2015). However, it is unlikely to mention that Microsoft has successfully achieved an immense rate of success in the past decades. Furthermore, several Apple owned Mac desktops function on operating system of Microsoft. Sony had reportedly given a considerable stiff competition in the domain of iPod (Porter Heppelmann, 2014). The Sony NW-A810 a high end model digital player launched in 2007 with its unique features and amazing sound quality led the organization conquer a major section in the music system domain of the tech industry. References Arthur, C. (2014).Digital wars: Apple, Google, Microsoft and the battle for the Internet. Kogan Page Publishers. Cecere, G., Corrocher, N., Battaglia, R. D. (2015). Innovation and competition in the smartphone industry: Is there a dominant design?.Telecommunications Policy,39(3-4), 162-175. Gerpott, T. J., Thomas, S., Weichert, M. (2013). Characteristics and mobile Internet use intensity of consumers with different types of advanced handsets: An exploratory empirical study of iPhone, Android and other web-enabled mobile users in Germany.Telecommunications Policy,37(4-5), 357-371. Kohl, L. (2013).Google Vs. Apple. GRIN Verlag. Porter, M. E., Heppelmann, J. E. (2014). How smart, connected products are transforming competition.Harvard Business Review,92(11), 64-88. Wang, J., Shin, H. (2015). The impact of contracts and competition on upstream innovation in a supply chain.Production and Operations Management,24(1), 134-146.

Shannon Rafferty Essays - Penology, Criminology, Crime,

Shannon Rafferty CAS 138T, Section 13 Instructor: Dr. Freymiller The Death Penalty The audience for this essay is the opinion section of the Sunday New York Times. This publication has a wide readership. The largest percentage of readers are between the ages of 35 and 44, and the majority of readers have either a college degree or a graduate degree. This essay argues for a question of value. The death penalty is an issue that has the United States quite divided. While there are many supporters of it, there is also a large amount of opposition. Currently, there are thirty-three states in which the death penalty is legal and seventeen states that have abolished it (Death Penalty Information Center). I believe the death penalty should be legal throughout the nation. There are many reasons as to why I believe the death penalty should be legalized in all states, including deterrence, retribution, and morality; and because opposing arguments do not hold up, I will refute the ideas that the death penalty is unconstitutional, irrevocable mistakes are made, and that there is a disproportionality of race and income level. The use of capital punishment greatly deters citizens from committing crimes such as murder. Many people's greatest fear is death; therefore if they know that death is a possible consequence for their actions, they are less likely to perform such actions. Ernest van den Haag, a professor at Fordham University, wrote about the issue of deterrence: capital punishment is likely to deter more than other punishments because people fear death more than anything else. They fear most death deliberately inflicted by law and scheduled by the courts.Hence, the threat of the death penalty may deter some murderers who otherwise might not have been deterred. And surely the death penalty is the only penalty that could deter prisoners already serving a life sentence and tempted to kill a guard, or offenders about to be arrested and facing a life sentence. (Death Penalty Curricula for High School) van den Haag brings forth the argument that capital punishment is the strongest deterrent society has against murder, which has been proven in many studies. "Since society has the highest interest in preventing murder, it should use the strongest punishment available to deter murder" (Death Penalty Curricula for High School). In a study conducted by Isaac Ehrlich in 1973, it was found that for each execution of a criminal seven potential victim's lives were saved (Death Penalty Curricula for High School). This was due to other possible murderers being deterred from committing murder after realizing thatother criminals are executed for their crimes. Ehrlich's argument was also backed up by studies following his that had similar results. Capital punishment also acts as a deterrent for recidivism (the rate at which previously convicted criminals return to committing crimes after being released); if the criminal is executed he has no opportunity to commit crimes again. Some may argue tha t there is not enough concrete evidence to use deterrence as an argument for the death penalty. The reason some evidence may be inconclusive is that the death penalty often takes a while to be carried out; some prisoners sit on death row for years before being executed. This can influence the effectiveness of deterrence because punishments that are carried out swiftly are better examples to others. Although the death penalty is already effective at deterring possible criminals, it would be even more effective if the legal process were carried out more quickly instead of having inmates on death row for years. The death penalty also carries out retribution justly. "Deserved punishment protects society morally by restoring this just order, making the wrongdoer pay a price equivalent to the harm he has done." (Budziszewski). When someone commits a crime it disturbs the order of society; these crimes take away lives, peace, and liberties from society. Giving the death penalty as a punishment simply restores order to society and adequately punishes the criminal for his wrongdoing. Retribution also serves justice for murder victims and their families. Some may see this as revenge, but this retribution is not motivated by malice, rather it is motivated by the need for justice and the principle of lex talionis ("an eye for an eye")